TLR Immune Modulation

The innate immune response is the front line of defense against viruses, bacteria and other potential pathogens. Toll-like Like Receptors (TLRs) are among the most important receptors used by all cell types to recognize and respond to the presence of these invaders. The human genome encodes 10 TLR that are similar in structure, but recognize different parts of viruses or bacteria. Four of these TLR recognize either DNA or RNA and are triggered by the genomes of microorganisms taken up by cells in specialized structures called endosomes.